VAT Calculator & Invoice Generator (Multi-Country)
Calculate VAT, reverse VAT, and create printable invoices with auto tax rates, multi-line support, and custom currencies.
| Description | Qty | Unit Price | VAT Rate | Discount % | Net | VAT | Gross |
|---|
🧾 VAT Calculator — Multi-Country Net↔Gross with Reverse VAT & Invoice Rounding
Use this VAT calculator to convert net to gross (add VAT) or gross to net (reverse VAT) instantly. Pick a country VAT rate from presets (standard & reduced) or enter a custom rate, add line items (qty, unit price, VAT%, discount), and get an invoice-ready breakdown with configurable rounding modes (per-line vs per-invoice) and currency formatting.
- Instant Net↔Gross: Toggle modes to add VAT or reverse VAT.
- Country Presets: Standard/reduced VAT rates for many tax systems (editable).
- Reverse VAT: Enter gross to back-calculate net and VAT.
- Invoice-Ready: Line-item table, discounts, and clear totals (net, VAT, gross).
- Rounding Controls: Per-line vs totals, half-up vs banker’s rounding.
- Currency Selector: Format with €, $, £, CHF, ₹… or Custom symbol.
- Export/Share: Copy/print, TXT export, PDF/Print results, shareable link.
Perfect for: small businesses, freelancers, accountants, online sellers, shoppers, and anyone checking prices with/without VAT.
⚙️ How to Use This VAT Calculator
- Select a country/tax system → default VAT rate loads (you can edit it).
- Pick your mode → Net → Gross or Gross → Net. The Unit Price column adapts (Net/Gross).
- Choose currency → display symbol changes; numbers are formatted to your locale.
- Add line items → description, qty, unit price, VAT rate (standard/reduced/custom), optional discount%.
- Set rounding → Per-line (round each row) or Per-invoice (round totals), half-up or banker’s.
- Review results → per-line net/VAT/gross, subtotal, VAT total, grand total, and rounding note.
- Export/Share → Copy summary, export TXT or PDF (results), print, or copy a prefilled share link.
📐 VAT Formulas
- VAT (net base):
VAT = Net × Rate - Gross from Net:
Gross = Net × (1 + Rate) - Reverse VAT (from Gross):
Net = Gross / (1 + Rate),VAT = Gross − Net - Discount: applied before VAT on the line:
Base = (Qty × Unit) × (1 − Discount%) - Rounding: choose Per-line (round each line to 2 dp) or Per-invoice (round totals only), with Half-up or Banker’s tiebreak.
Tip: Policies differ by country and industry. If you’re issuing invoices, confirm rounding with your accountant or local tax authority.
🧪 Worked Examples
1) Reverse VAT (Gross → Net) — 19%
Given: Gross €119.00 at 19% VAT. Find: Net and VAT.
- Net = 119 / 1.19 = €100.00
- VAT = 119 − 100 = €19.00
2) Net → Gross with Discount
Given: Qty 5 × Unit Net €20, discount 10%, rate 21%.
- Base Net = 5 × 20 × (1 − 0.10) = €90.00
- VAT = 90 × 0.21 = €18.90
- Gross = 90 + 18.90 = €108.90
3) Mixed Reduced Rates (Per-line vs Per-invoice)
Two lines, both discounted before VAT:
- Line A (Standard 20%): Net €100 → VAT €20 → Gross €120
- Line B (Reduced 5%): Net €100 → VAT €5 → Gross €105
Per-line rounding may yield a one-cent difference vs Totals rounding depending on decimals. The tool shows which mode you applied in the rounding note.
🌍 VAT / Sales Tax Quick Reference (Selected)
| Country / System | Standard % | Reduced % (common) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Germany (DE) | 19 | 7 | Food, books often reduced |
| France (FR) | 20 | 10, 5.5, 2.1 | Multiple reduced classes |
| United Kingdom (UK) | 20 | 5 | Zero-rated categories exist |
| Italy (IT) | 22 | 10, 5, 4 | Multiple reduced rates |
| Spain (ES) | 21 | 10, 4 | Super-reduced 4% |
| Netherlands (NL) | 21 | 9 | Reduced for essentials |
| Sweden (SE) | 25 | 12, 6 | High standard VAT |
| Poland (PL) | 23 | 8, 5 | Frequent updates |
| Hungary (HU) | 27 | 18, 5 | Highest in EU |
| Portugal (PT) | 23 | 13, 6 | Regional differences (Madeira/Azores) |
| Ireland (IE) | 23 | 13.5, 9 | Temporary changes occur |
| Switzerland (CH) | 8.1 | 2.6 | MWST — different regime |
| Norway (NO) | 25 | 15, 12 | MVA sales tax |
| Japan (JP) | 10 | 8 | Consumption tax |
| Australia (AU) | 10 | — | GST — Goods & Services |
| New Zealand (NZ) | 15 | — | GST — minimal exemptions |
| Canada (CA) | 5 | — | GST/HST/PST varies by province |
| United States (US) | 0 (federal) | — | Sales tax at state/city level |
| United Arab Emirates (AE) | 5 | — | VAT introduced in 2018 |
| Saudi Arabia (SA) | 15 | — | Raised from 5% in 2020 |
| Singapore (SG) | 9 | — | GST rate transitioning upward |
Rates change. Always verify the current rate with official sources or your accountant.
🧾 Using This VAT Calculator as an Invoice Generator
Beyond calculating net, VAT, and gross values, this tool also doubles as a simple invoice generator. With multi-line support, discounts, and custom currency signs, you can prepare an invoice that looks professional and is ready to print on your own company letterhead or store paper.
After entering your items, quantities, unit prices, and VAT rates, you can:
- Preview totals instantly with VAT breakdowns.
- Export results as TXT or PDF files.
- Print only the invoice area for use on your branded paper.
- Customize currency symbols to match your region or business needs.
This makes it ideal for freelancers, small businesses, online sellers, and shopkeepers who need a fast, no-signup invoice tool.
🎯 Popular Use Cases
- Create quick invoices with mixed rates and discounts.
- Reverse VAT from gross prices shown in shops/marketplaces.
- Check VAT impact before setting retail prices.
- Compare countries when selling cross-border.
- Verify rounding to match accounting/audit expectations.
✅ Best Practices
- Confirm rounding policy: Ask finance which method is required for invoices.
- Discounts first: Apply discounts before VAT; then calculate VAT on the discounted base.
- Use custom VAT: For special items, pick Custom… in the line VAT selector.
- Currency symbol vs math: The symbol affects display only; calculations are numeric.
- Keep a paper trail: Use Export to PDF or Print Results to archive quotes.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions (VAT Calculator)
What is VAT and how is it different from sales tax?
VAT is a value-added tax charged at each stage of the supply chain; sales tax is typically charged once at retail to the consumer. The calculator supports both VAT and VAT-like systems (e.g., GST, MVA) via country presets.
How do I reverse VAT (gross to net)?
Select Gross → Net mode. Enter the gross unit price and quantity; choose the correct VAT% (standard/reduced/custom). The tool computes the net and VAT split automatically.
What’s the difference between per-line and per-invoice rounding?
Per-line rounds each line to 2 dp before summing. Per-invoice sums unrounded subtotals first, then rounds totals. Depending on decimals, results can differ by one or two cents—check your company’s policy.
Which rounding rule should I choose: half-up or banker’s?
Half-up rounds .5 up. Banker’s (ties-to-even) rounds .5 to the nearest even digit. Some jurisdictions or ERP systems prefer banker’s; others expect half-up. Confirm with finance.
Do currency selections change the result?
No. Currency affects formatting (symbol and locale digits) only. Calculations are the same regardless of the symbol.
Can I set a custom VAT rate for a specific line?
Yes. In the line’s VAT Rate dropdown choose Custom… and type your rate (e.g., 2.50%). You can mix standard and reduced rates on the same invoice.
Why does my result differ from my ERP/accounting software?
Differences are usually due to rounding policies (per-line vs totals), tie-breaking rules, or discount timing. Match the calculator’s settings to your ERP’s rules for parity.
Does the calculator handle zero-rated or exempt items?
Yes—set VAT% to 0 (enter custom “0.00%”). Exempt/zero-rated goods don’t add VAT, but they remain part of the invoice total.
Can I use this VAT Calculator to generate invoices?
Yes. Once you enter your items, VAT rates, and totals, you can print or export the result as an invoice. Many businesses simply print the output on their own letterhead or pre-designed invoice paper.
Is the generated invoice legally valid?
The output is a calculation and layout tool. To make it a valid tax invoice, you must add your business details, customer details, and invoice number. Many users print the VAT breakdown from this tool and then attach it to their company’s invoice template.
Can I customize the currency sign or country tax rate?
Yes. Choose "Custom" in the country or currency dropdowns to add your own VAT rate and currency symbol. This ensures the invoice matches your local requirements.
Can I save my invoice as PDF?
Absolutely. Use the Export to PDF button to download the result box as a professional PDF, which you can send to clients or keep for your accounting records.
Are the country rates always up to date?
Rates change. We include commonly used presets, but you should verify current rates with official sources. You can always overwrite the rate.
Can I export the results?
Yes—use Copy Summary, Export to TXT, Export to PDF (results only), or Print Results. There’s also a share link that preserves your form settings.
Does the calculator support different discounts per line?
Yes. Each line has an optional Discount % field. The discount is applied to the base (Qty × Unit) before VAT is calculated.
Can I enter prices including VAT in one line and excluding VAT in another?
All lines follow the page’s selected mode (Net → Gross or Gross → Net) to keep invoices consistent. If you must mix inputs, convert one set first or split it into two runs.
What does “Banker’s” rounding mean in practice?
When the third decimal is exactly 5, banker’s rounding goes to the nearest even second decimal (e.g., 1.005 → 1.00; 1.015 → 1.02). This can reduce rounding bias over many transactions.
Does this tool calculate withholding tax or reverse charge?
No. This calculator focuses on VAT arithmetic. Reverse charge or withholding depends on the transaction type/jurisdiction and must be handled in your tax process or ERP configuration.
Is this calculator suitable for audits?
It’s a helpful estimator/validator, but not a substitute for your official bookkeeping system. For audits, rely on your ERP records and local tax regulations.
📘 Glossary
- Net: Price before VAT.
- VAT: Value-added tax amount on the net base.
- Gross: Net + VAT.
- Reverse VAT: Back-calculate net/VAT from a gross price.
- Reduced Rate: Lower VAT for specific goods/services (varies by country).
- Banker’s Rounding: Tie-break to even digit (reduces cumulative bias).
⚠️ Important Disclaimer
This VAT calculator is provided for information and educational purposes only. It does not constitute accounting, tax, or legal advice.
- No Guarantee of Accuracy: VAT rates, exemptions, and rounding policies change. Always verify with official sources or a qualified professional.
- Jurisdiction Differences: VAT/GST/MVA rules vary by country/region and industry. Your ERP or tax authority may require different rounding or reporting.
- User Responsibility: You are responsible for how you use the results. For invoicing and compliance, consult your accountant or tax advisor.
- No Liability: We disclaim liability for decisions made based on this calculator’s output.
By using this tool, you accept that it is an estimate and agree to verify all figures before relying on them in commerce or filings.